(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). U.S. history from the period of colonization through Reconstruction. We explore how very different and divided colonies grew into the United States and how major events, both foreign and domestic, shaped the nation during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Major themes include the development of a national identity, increasing democratization, westward expansion, and sectionalism. Fall. (Formerly AH111)

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). U. S. history from Reconstruction through the dawn of the 21st century. We explore how the United States recreated itself in the wake of the Civil War and how major events, both foreign and domestic, shaped the nation in which we now live. Major themes include the growth of federal power, increasing democratization, the expansion of industrial capitalism, and the emergence of the United States as a world power. Prerequisite(s): AHIS111. Spring. (Formerly AH112)

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). Designed to give students an understanding of American constitutional government; political beliefs and behavior of citizens; political parties and pressure groups; institutions and institutional processes of the national government; and the statutes and development of civil rights and civil liberties. This course fulfills the state requirement for Civics. Prerequisite(s): AHIS111 and AHIS112. Fall and Spring. (Formerly AH310)

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). After the Civil War many radical groups emerged in the United States to fight what they saw as economic, racial, sexual, and disability discrimination. This class studies America between 1877 and the present and looks at the labor movement and far left political groups, such as anarchists, socialists, and the hippies. The class spends significant time on the Civil Rights movement and the various movements that emerge in its wake: Womens Rights, Gay Rights, and Disability Rights. Prerequisite(s): AHIS111 and AHIS112. Alternating Fall. (Formerly AH320)

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). Examines American foreign policy (as manifested in the diplomatic, military, economic, and cultural spheres) from the Spanish-American War to the War on Terror. The rise of the United States as a global superpower in the mid-twentieth century and the broad effect of this growth on the global power system; America's own evolving and often contentious view of its international role; and the domestic constitutional and cultural strains created by swelling foreign engagement. The course demonstrates the constant interplay between broad historical forces and individual choices and personalities. Prerequisite(s): AHIS111 and AHIS112. (Formerly AH330)

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). Focus on a specific topic or problem in American History. Topics will vary from semester to semester depending upon the interests of students and faculty. Prerequisite(s): AHIS111 and AHIS112 and consent of coordinator. (Formerly AH345)

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). Presidential elections are exciting times in American history since they can be unpredictable and have profound implications on our future. This class deeply explores the current presidential race by investigating three interconnected forces. First, it looks at how political campaigns have developed over the course of the last 100 years. Second, it explores the historical roots of major campaign issues. Third, it examines current political thought. The course follows the campaign closely by having students study the media, analyze polling data, and comment on key moments in the race. Prerequisite(s): AHIS111 and AHIS112 and AHIS310 or consent of instructor. Offered in the Fall of presidential election years only. (Formerly AH355)

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). Climactic events of 1968 such as the Tet Offensive in Vietnam, the assassinations of Martin Luther King, Jr. and Senator Robert Kennedy, and the riots associated with the Democratic National Convention in Chicago as a springboard to examine causes and effects. The course also looks at the political and cultural changes taking place in the United States and Western Europe as the generation born after World War II began to enter adulthood. Prerequisite(s): AHIS111 and AHIS112. (Formerly AH365)

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). Exploration of the phenomenon of revolutionary change in modern Latin America. Comparison of the relative successes and failures of revolutionary efforts in Argentina, Chile, Nicaragua, Cuba, and Mexico. Students will also understand the theoretical constructions of and the application of this word to various social movements. Examination of relevant political, economic, and social connections between Latin America and the United States. (Formerly AH380)

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). The Civil War era in its entirety, from the Election of 1844 through the presidency of Ulysses S. Grant. Topics include the annexation of Texas, the Mexican American War, the California Gold Rush, controversies over slavery in the 1850s, the 1860 election and the rise of Abraham Lincoln as a national figure, the secession crisis and the Civil War, and the failures and successes of the grueling postwar years. By exploring a variety of primary sources, including letters, diaries, and memoirs written by obscure and famous Americans alike, we examine history in prospect rather than in retrospect, keeping in mind that the individuals and communities of the era lived as we do, one day at a time, with no foreknowledge of how circumstances would unfold. Prerequisite(s): AHIS111 and AHIS112, or consent of instructor. Spring, odd years. (Formerly AH383)

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). The transformation of the United States during the sixteen years from the inauguration of Herbert Hoover through the end of World War II and the birth of the Cold War. By the mid-1940s, the U.S. was a world superpower. The political, diplomatic, military, economic, and social and cultural changes in America and the wider world. Examination of the centrality of personalities, ideas, and character to the course of human events. Includes a semester-long research and writing project. Fall, odd years. Prerequisite(s): AHIS111 and AHIS112. (Formerly AH340)

(One semester; 0.25 unit of credit). To meet special needs and interests of the advanced history student. Independent studies will be coordinated with the individual History instructor. Prerequisite(s): consent of the instructor and department chair.

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). To meet special needs and interests of the advanced history student. Independent studies will be coordinated with the individual History instructor. Prerequisite(s): consent of the instructor and department chair.

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). In the first course of this two-semester sequence, students learn critical thinking, critical reading, and expository writing. Students analyze and incorporate outside sources. Grammatical principles, MLA citation, and academic style are also covered. Required for all incoming sophomores. Fall. (Formerly EN110)

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). In the second course of this two-semester sequence, students learn close reading through the study of fiction, poetry, and drama. Students develop and defend evidence-based arguments. Grammatical principles, MLA citation, and academic style are also covered. Prerequisite(s): ENGL110A. Required for all incoming sophomores. Spring. (Formerly EN110)

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). The primary aim of this course is to develop students' formal and argumentative writing skills. Students are expected to master the basics of making formal arguments, such as organization, MLA citation, and style, using non-fiction essays and articles as models. Required for incoming juniors. Fall. (Formerly EN210)

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). The second course of this two semester sequence focuses on writing about literature, specifically American Literature from the colonial days through the late twentieth century. Students are exposed to multiple literary genres, including prose fiction, prose non-fiction, poetry and drama. Required for incoming juniors. Spring. (Formerly EN210)

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). Explores major periods from the colonial days through the early 21st century. Students are exposed to multiple literary genres, including prose fiction, prose non-fiction, poetry and drama, as well as major themes and literary movements throughout American history. Prerequisite(s): ENGL110B or ENGL210B or equivalents. Fall and Spring. (Formerly EN300)

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). English and British literature from its beginnings to the present. Students read multiple literary genres, including fiction, non-fiction prose, poetry, and drama. Literature is considered in its historical and cultural contexts. While the course focuses on major English authors and works, writing from other parts of the United Kingdom and former British colonies may also be covered. Prerequisite(s): ENGL110B or ENGL210B or equivalents. Falland Spring. (Formerly EN305)

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). An overview of imaginative literature from around the globe. The scope may reach from the earliest known texts to contemporary global literature. Students investigate these texts within their historical and cultural contexts, but may identify common themes as well. Focus is given to skills of close reading and written textual analysis; additionally, students identify characteristics of global literary movements and authors associated with those movements. Prerequisite(s): ENGL110B or ENGL210B or equivalents. Fall and Spring. (Formerly EN310)

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). “Religion” in this course refers to both organized and indigenous religions, including, but not limited to, Animism, Hinduism, Christianity, Islam, as well as heterodox belief systems such as Gnosticism. While original religious texts, such as the Ramayana and the Quran are referenced, the class focuses on literary uses of these texts. This class requires several written reading responses, presentations, and a final paper dealing with a topic relevant to religion in literature. Prerequisite(s): ENGL110B or ENGL210B or equivalents. (Formerly EN312)

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). Exploration of the evolving relationship between science and the humanities from the time of Francis Bacon to the present. The following themes will emerge in reading and discussion: literary and scientific attitudes toward language; literary and scientific attitudes toward nature; creativity in science and the arts; the relationship between science and religion; images of science and scientists in literature; the relationship between scientific values and social values; and the role of gender in science. Prerequisite(s): ENGL110B or ENGL210B or equivalents. Spring. (Formerly EN315)

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). Civic engagement in American literature from the nineteenth century to the present. We consider the role that literature has historically played in advocating for social change and promoting active citizenship. Students read novels, short fiction, poetry (including protest songs), and long-form journalism. Documentary photography and films are also considered. Students have the opportunity to write both close reading and research essays, depending on their interests. Fall. (Formerly EN316)

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). "Gothic" in art and literature refers to those elements that produce terror, the psychological fear experienced by the reader when exposed to uncanny or unnatural objects or events. This class identifies the characteristics and motifs of gothic art and literature, and examines how these tropes reflect and address the attitudes, moral questions, and anxieties of the people who produced the texts. Students read, view, and discuss elements of these texts, and compose short textual analyses and responses, in addition to one longer paper incorporating independent research. Prerequisite(s): ENGL110B or ENGL210B or equivalents. Fall. (Formerly EN244Z)

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). Short fiction, novels, or a combination of the two. Because each instructor tailors the class to their strengths and interests, the precise content of the course varies from semester to semester. Whatever the content, students can count on exposure to the works of multiple authors writing in different periods, genres, or points of view. Class includes discussion of both the technical and thematic connections between works and authors, hopefully giving students some sense of the range of possibilities offered by prose fiction. Prerequisite(s): ENGL110B or ENGL210B or equivalents. (Formerly EN322)

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). Major novels and short stories of 20th Century and contemporary Southern writers. Prerequisite(s): ENGL110B or ENGL210B or equivalents. (Formerly EN325)

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). Major genres of creative writing. Although the lines between genres are porous, it is important to understand the specific expectations of different types of writing. Students concentrate on the genres of poetry and fiction. Students master certain basic skills such as description, imagery, rhyme, and metaphor in the course of writing poems, flash fiction, and/or a play scene or creative nonfiction piece. Through close reading and anonymous large and small group workshop, students learn to be more independent in revising creative work. Prerequisite(s): ENGL110B or ENGL210B or equivalents. Fall. (Formerly EN350)

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). The history, themes, and techniques of the genre. Students read classics in the field and ultimately produce a short story to be included in a collection of student work. Prerequisite(s): ENGL110B or ENGL210B or equivalents. Fall and Spring. (Formerly EN355)

(One semester; 0.5 unit credit). The central tenets of dystopian literature, paying particular attention to what in a given social, political, and/or historical moment compels writers to create these oppressive and threatening worlds. The focus centers on post-9/11 dystopian fiction with a few side trips to late-twentieth century texts for a more comprehensive understanding of the genre. In addition to examining the historical and sociopolitical moments that influence the creation of these genres, we analyze various narrative devices and techniques authors use to create these compelling stories. Prerequisite(s): ENGL110B or ENGL210B or equivalents. (Formerly EN365)

(One semester; 0.5 units of credit). The varied literary responses provoked by the advent of modernity across the continent of Africa and South Asia. These regions have experienced similar colonial histories, in addition to the current challenges of nation building. While attention will be given to indigenous forms of literature unfamiliar to western audiences, such as oral storytelling, most of the texts covered will consist of fiction and film created since decolonization. Discussion of literary texts will be supplemented by critical and historical works that provide context for particular conflicts and historical events. Conducted as a seminar, students are expected to write frequently, as well as lead class discussion. The class culminates in a final project constructed through independent research. (Formerly EN371)

(One semester; 0.5 units of credit). The varied literary responses prompted by the advent of modernity throughout North Africa and the Middle East. Historical coverage will include both the late colonial and postcolonial eras, and will investigate personal as well as national responses to those moments. Topics of discussion include the use of indigenous and western languages, as well as the recent development of traditionally western forms of literature such as the novel. Particular attention is given to the place of women in the literary landscapes of the region. Texts will include short stories, poetry, novels, and films, and may be accompanied by biographical and other non-fictional materials. Conducted as a seminar, students are expected to write frequently, as well as lead class discussions. The class culminates in a final project constructed through independent research. (Formerly EN372)

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). Introduces students to the academic field of gender studies through a study of fiction and non-fiction from the nineteenth century to the present. Students learn foundational gender studies concepts and how to utilize these concepts to analyze literature, film, and television. We take an intersectional approach to gender studies, considering how gender norms and gender identities are formed in relation to race, class, and ethnicity. Students give presentations and have the opportunity to write both close reading and research essays, depending on their interests. Prerequisite(s): ENGL110B or ENGL210B or equivalents. Spring. (Formerly EN375)

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). Short stories and novels written by authors with transnational identities who represent transnational themes. Individuals with a transnational identity engage in cross-border practices for a sustained period of time, often creating a hybrid identity. Sometimes this dual identity creates a sense of belonging to two places at once; other times, it keeps one from having a sense of belonging in either culture. Sometimes the two cultures come together to create something new. Our discussions focus on the political, economic, psychological, and social implications of having a transnational identity. Prerequisite(s): ENGL110B or ENGL210B or equivalents. (Formerly EN400)

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). The poetry of Emily Dickinson. Secondarily, the course also focuses on her life and on the ways that she both reflected and rebelled against the time and place in which she lived. We explore the influences of her times and of the people by whom she was surrounded on her poetry, as well as the ways in which she might have influenced others, both personally and in a literary sense. Prerequisite(s): ENGL110B or ENGL210B or or equivalents. (Formerly EN415)

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). Although the specific focus of this class might change from one semester to the next, students study selection of plays and poetry, and will examine Shakespeare's work in terms of its historical context, its reception, its criticism, and its influence. A regular feature of this class is discussion of recent film adaptations of Shakespeare's plays. Prerequisite(s): ENGL110B or ENGL210B or equivalents. (Formerly EN420)

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). Sylvia Plath and Ted Hughes as individual poets and the ways in which each influenced the other, both during their marriage and after. Is it possible for us as readers to avoid letting what we know of poets' biographies influence our reading of their work? This course explores the work of these two poets and consider the issues that the two poets evoke within the context of our current political and literary circumstances. Prerequisite(s): ENGL110B or ENGL210B or equivalents. (Formerly EN422)

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). Folklore is the study of everyday life, focusing on what people say (folk narratives), what they do (folk traditions) and what they make (material culture). In this course, students read myths and legends, study personal narratives, investigate campus traditions, analyze material culture, and identify family folklore. The class emphasizes the connections between individual, family, and community in order for students to gain a sense of personal enrichment. In addition to writing assignments and exams, students conduct field research of local folklore and present their findings to the class. Prerequisite(s): ENGL110B or ENGL210B or equivalents. (Formerly EN425)

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). The influences, rationale, and long-lasting effects of the period of literature and art that began in the late 19th century and extended into the mid-twentieth century throughout Europe and the Americas. This class reads examples of modernist works by European, English, and American poets and novelists. We view works of art from many of the artistic movements within the larger field of modernism, including cubist paintings and surrealist sculptures, and attention is given to some of the major events of modernist history, such as the Armory Show in New York in 1913. Assignments for this class include written responses to written and visual works, as well as one longer paper incorporating independent research. Prerequisite(s): ENGL110B or ENGL210B or equivalents. Spring. (Formerly EN430)

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). History of literary criticism and theory. Studying a broad range of philosophers and critics helps students contextualize and understand literary criticism and provides them with a good starting point for future engagement with contemporary critical theory. What we call criticism has such a rich and complex history in itself that it is worth studying for its own sake, though of course our ultimate goal in studying it is to return with fresh insights to the literature we find most worthwhile. Prerequisite(s): ENGL110B or ENGL210B or equivalents. Spring. (Formerly EN435)

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). Assumes students have already taken a creative writing class at LSMSA. Advanced creative writing skills such as texture, line breaks, etc. We also look at current genre concerns, such as reality (shows) vs. fiction, slam poetry and prose poetry, and screenplays. Students learn more about the world of creative writing publication. This class, like previous creative writing classes, is focused around a workshop format. Prerequisite(s): ENGL110B or ENGL210B and ENGL350 or ENGL355. Spring. (Formerly EN450)

(One semester; 0.25 unit of credit). Designed for students desiring study of literature not possible within the classroom curriculum. Students must write a description of the proposed work and find a member of the English faculty who agrees to serve as director. This credit will, under no circumstances, serve in place of the required junior and senior English courses. Prerequisite(s): ENGL110B or ENGL210B or equivalents. (Formerly EN704Y)

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). Designed for students desiring study of literature not possible within the classroom curriculum. Students must write a description of the proposed work and find a member of the English faculty who agrees to serve as director. This credit will, under no circumstances, serve in place of the required junior and senior English courses. Prerequisite(s): ENGL110B or ENGL210B or equivalent. (Formerly EN704Z)

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). Exploration of fields including astronomy, geology, climatology, biology, mammalian behavior, primate social systems, the natural history of human emotions, cultural anthropology, and world religions. A study of the evolution of daily life from gatherer-hunter cultures to early nineteenth-century New England. Discussion of human nature to understand ourselves, our society, and our civilization. Students will study the flow of civilization in pursuit of the big picture of today's world of business, government, people, science, and religion. May NOT be used for TOPS Humanities/English/History/SS credit. Elective credit only.  (Formerly IS180)

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). A decade-by-decade overview of cinema from the nineteenth century to the present day, with emphasis on the great films and the great directors from around the world. Elective credit only; may not be used to fulfill TOPS requirements. No Prerequisite(s). (Formerly IS175)

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit); An introduction to the artistic output and cultural impact of the Beatles. Emphasis will be on the Beatles' music and films. The course may additionally focus on the key players in the Beatles story and the artists who influenced and were influenced by the band. Elective credit only; may not be used to fulfill TOPS requirements. No Prerequisite(s). (Formerly IS176)

(One semester; 0.25 unit of credit). For editors and general staff of LSMSA's creative journal, Folio. Intended to teach relevant editing and design skills while facilitating the Folio publication process, including submission, voting, and design. Can be repeated for credit. Prerequisite(s): Permission of instructor. (Formerly MC105)

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). A survey course with emphasis on introducing students to the history and basic theories of psychology and human behavior. Course requires NSU Dual Enrollment to be attached. Students must apply to and be admitted to NSU in order to take this course. This course is required for students pursuing the NSU AGS. Spring. (Formerly SS240)

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). An examination of the tenets and practices of the major eastern faith traditions -- Hinduism, Buddhism, Taoism, Confucianism, Jainism, and Sikhismas -- reflected in their sacred texts and from their historical and cultural contexts. (Formerly SS250)

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). An examination of the tenets and practices of the Abrahamic Faiths traditions--Judaism, Christianity, and Islam--reflected in their sacred texts and from their historical and cultural contexts. (Formerly SS255)

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). Basic concepts and functions of public administration and the field of public service. The course includes an introduction to administrative history, organizational behavior, public budgeting and financial management, workforce diversity, ethics and accountability, human resource management, administrative law, leadership, the federal executive branch, public policy analysis, and public administration theory. Prerequisite(s): AHIS310. May NOT be used for TOPS History/SS credit. Elective credit only. (Formerly SS260)

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). A semester-length survey of American economic history from the colonial era to the present, with an emphasis on the 19th and 20th centuries. We examine the unique financial practices and institutions that have contributed to the history of North America, including the relationships between institutions and innovators, capital and labor, and politics and society. More specifically, this is a course about individuals (politicians, tycoons, laborers, and others) and their influence on the American economy, as well as the evolving role of the federal government in American financial affairs to the present day. Prerequisite(s): AHIS111 and AHIS112. Fall and Spring. (Formerly SS300)

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). The first course of this two-semester sequence examines the history of western civilization, including its cultural foundations in North Africa and the Middle East from ancient times until the end of the medieval period (approximately 5,000 BCE-1400 CE). While we cover much ground (both temporally and geographically), there is a particular focus on the political, social, and cultural history of the western world. Within these parameters, we examines topics such as the political and philosophical foundations of western civilization, the development of Western Christendom, art and literature, architecture, and women's history. In addition to weekly lectures and assigned readings of secondary sources, there are activities and class discussions focused on analysis of primary sources. Fall. (Formerly EH121)

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). The second course of this two-semester sequence examines the history of western civilization—including its cultural foundations in North Africa and the Middle East—from the 15th-21st century. While we cover much ground (both temporally and geographically), there is a particular focus on the political, social, and cultural history of the western world. Within these parameters, we examine topics such as the political and philosophical foundations of western civilization, the development of Western Christendom, art and literature, architecture, and women’s history. In addition to weekly lectures and assigned readings of secondary sources, there are activities and class discussions focused on analysis of primary sources. Spring. (Formerly EH122)

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). First half of a two-part survey of world history from the Mesopotamian origins of civilization to the present day. Begins with the emergence of urban life in the Fertile Crescent and ends with the fourteenth-century crises that shook the foundations of cultures around the globe. Combination of lecture and discussion format. Emphasis will be on cultural and intellectual trends, economic development, political evolution, social conditions, and diplomatic maneuvering, analyzing the necessarily intimate interrelationships between each of these. Provides a general framework for understanding the cultural and historical influences that have shaped the principal civilizations of the ancient and modern world. More generally, functions to introduce students to historical methods and historical ways of thinking. Prerequisite(s): AHIS111 and AHIS112 or equivalents. Fall. (Formerly WH121)

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). Second half of a two-part survey of world history from the Mesopotamian origins of civilization to the present day. Begins with the clash of civilizations that emerged from the era of European exploration and global expansion, covers the subsequent four centuries of European hegemony, and concludes with an examination of the twentieth-century evolution of a global culture and economy. Combination of lecture and discussion format. Emphasis will be on cultural and intellectual trends, economic development, political evolution, social conditions, and diplomatic maneuvering, analyzing the necessarily intimate interrelationships between each of these. Provides a general framework for understanding the cultural and historical influences that have shaped the principal civilizations of the ancient and modern world. More generally, functions to introduce students to historical methods and historical ways of thinking.  Prerequisite(s): AHIS111 and AHIS112 or equivalents. Spring. (Formerly WH122)

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). Introduces methods and tools of historical research and explores the mechanics of research presentations and academic historical writings. Focuses on discussions of key texts concerning historical fields as well as building skills for conducting historical research and the utilization of scholarly resources.  Prerequisite(s): One semester of history at LSMSA or consent of the instructor.  Alternating Spring.

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). A general overview of World War I. Students understand the nature of the war experiences, trench culture, military strategies, homefront considerations, and the devastating impacts of this war on the ideas of world peace, military duty, and justice. Students also understand how peace was realized and how these ideas affected international diplomacy afterward. Prerequisite(s): AHIS111 and AHIS112 or equivalents. Fall, even years. (Formerly WH320)

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). Course thoroughly examines the Second World War in both Europe and Asia, attempting to understand this conflict in all its complexity. We begin with a long look at the two-decade lead-up to war followed by a dissection of military planning and operations, morale, ideology, propaganda, alliance diplomacy, domestic politics, economic developments, new technologies, the Home Front, the Holocaust, intelligence gathering, the Resistance, and, more broadly, the decisive role of this largest event in human history in shaping the contours of the post-1945 world. Prerequites: AHIS111 and AHIS112 or equivalents. Spring, even years. (Formerly WH325)

(One semester; 0.5 units). Designed as a general introduction to the history of the long 19th century, from the French revolution through World War I. We will take a world-historical and interdisciplinary approach to the topic, with a particular focus on Europe and Asia, East-West connections, and European and Asian imperialism. Through weekly readings and discussion of historical monographs, scholarly articles, travelogues, films, literature, and primary sources in translation, we will examine various aspects of this pivotal century including political, social, and cultural history, as well as art, music, and literature. Offered as needed. (Formerly WH333)

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). Examination of how medieval Britain moved from the peripheral backwater of European civilization to become the world's wealthiest, most politically innovative, most powerful, most economically progressive, and most influential nation by the year 1783. The course stresses the intimate relationship between the persistence of received traditions, the evolution of constitutional government, the influence of religion, the rise of a capitalist economy, the impact of foreign policy, and the acquisition of overseas empire. We strike a balance between an appreciation of broad underlying trends and a recognition of the contributions of decisive individuals and uniqueness of events. While prior exposure to the European or World History surveys provides a good foundation for this upper-level course, neither is a Prerequisite. (Formerly WH340)

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). China and Japan and the history of their emergence into the modern era. We will delve into the political, social, and cultural milieus of these very different lands during the last four centuries, with a specific focus on the transformations, continuities, and cataclysms each nation has experienced, sometimes separately, sometimes catastrophically in tandem, since the acceleration of globalization after 1850. Prerequisite(s): AHIS111 and AHIS112 or equivalents. (Formerly WH345)

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). Exploration of the history of the Byzantine Empire from the rise of Constantine (300 CE) to the fall of Constantinople to the Ottoman Turks in 1453. Examines the political, social, economic, and cultural contributions of the Byzantines from late Antiquity through the emergence of the Early Modern World.  Prerequisite(s): One semester of history at LSMSA or consent of the instructor.  Alternating Fall.

(One semester, 0.5 Unit of credit). Approaches the formation and delimitation of national boundaries from a historical and comparative perspective. Through weekly readings and discussion of historical monographs, scholarly articles, and primary sources, the course offers exploration of how and why national borders were formed, the legal and ideological bases of territorial sovereignty, the role of cartography in the state building process, the growth of nationalism, the legacies of imperialism within the modern system of interstate relations, and the social and cultural impacts of border delimitation. Geographic areas covered in this course will include North America, Europe, Africa, India, and East and Southeast Asia in the pre-modern and modern periods. Prerequisite(s): AHIS111 and AHIS112 or equivalents. Offered as needed. (Formerly WH355)

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). Examines the exploration and settlement of the Americas between 1492 and 1776. Using a comparative method, the course primarily explores the development of the Spanish, French, and British colonial systems. The class places special emphasis on gender, race, and religious differences in the colonial models. Prerequisite(s): AHIS111 and AHIS112 or equivalents. Alternating Fall. (Formerly AH360, WH360)

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). Examines the events and legacy of the half-century Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union. We focus on the political, diplomatic, military, scientific and intellectual facets of the antagonism between the two superpowers, with a particular emphasis on the ways in which individual personalities and key ideas contributed to this complex relationship. This is a course grounded in primary sources: We examine and analyze the Potsdam Conference, the birth of the Atomic Age, the Missile Crisis, the Gulag, the Space Race, the Korean and Vietnam Wars, and glasnostand, crucially, the many very personal encounters that transcended international politics through the writings, recordings, and memories of the participants themselves. Prerequisite(s): AHIS111 and AHIS112 or equivalents. Fall, even years. (Formerly AH385, WH385)

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). Explores the political, social, and cultural history of Vietnam from the ancient times to the 21st century. We focus on key themes such as Vietnam's foreign relations with its neighbors in East and Southeast Asia, marginalized peoples of the central and northern highlands (sometimes referred to as Zomia), and the country's anticolonial struggles in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. This course is reading and writing intensive with weekly discussions of primary and secondary sources, several assigned short essays, and a final research paper. Prerequisite(s): AHIS111 and AHIS112 or equivalents. Spring. (Formerly WH365)

(One semester, 0.5 units). This seminar course is designed as a general introduction to the history and culture of Russia from pre-modern times until the present. We will take a world-historical and interdisciplinary approach to the topic. Through weekly readings and discussion of historical monographs, scholarly articles, films, literature, and primary sources we will examine various aspects of the region's history including political, social, and cultural history, as well as art, music, and literature. Offered as needed. (Formerly WH387)

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). The history of modern science from the American colonial period to the present, with emphasis placed upon professionalized science, meaning 20th- and 21st-century topics. We explore the interactions between cultural changes and scientific inquiry. Special attention is paid to the significance of professionalization, the role of experts, increasing interdependence between government funding and scientific information, cultural absorption of scientific knowledge, military science and technology, notable paradigm shifts, the space race, and modern scientific ethical dilemmas, such as genetics, computer data management and applications, and weapons developments. Prerequisite(s): AHIS111 and AHIS112 or equivalents. Fall, odd years. (Formerly AH375, WH375)

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). An exploration of the history of South Africa from the settlement of the Dutch Cape Colony in 1652 to the present. The course examines the arrival of the Dutch and then English colonists and their interactions with local peoples and continue chronologically through the Great Trek, the foundation of the Boer Republics, the Union of South Africa, and the rise and fall of the Apartheid state. Particular attention will be paid to the rise of Afrikaner nationalism, native people's resistance, and industrialization. Prerequisite(s): One semester of history at LSMSA or consent of the instructor.  Offered as needed. (Formerly WH310)

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). Examines the military and diplomatic rivalries and alliances among global empires from the sixteenth through the twentieth centuries. Topics to be addressed include the Spanish conquest of Mexico; the dominance of France under Louix XIV; the waxing and waning of Britannia; and the rise of Russia, Japan, Germany, and the United States in the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Prerequisite(s): AHIS111 and AHIS112 or equivalents. (Formerly WH330)

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). An overview of both the Korean War and the Vietnam War from both international and national perspectives. Students will understand the nature of each war experiences, military culture, military strategies, home front considerations, and the impacts of each war on international obligations, military duty, and public memory. Students will be able to compare the reasons for Americas entrance into each war, compare and contrast rationales and attitudes between the wars, and understand the overall significance of both wars. Prerequisite(s): AHIS111 and AHIS112 or equivalents. (Formerly WH335)

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). Examines the factors that have shaped the modern Middle East, broadly conceived as the vast area stretching from southern Spain to Afghanistan. Beginning with the rise of Islam in the seventh century, and via an eclectic assortment of primary and secondary sources, we will study how the Arab, Persian, Turkish, and Jewish cultures of these lands have molded the history of the region and the globe. In particular we will explore the beliefs, events, and personalities that have defined the region in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Topics to be discussed include the heritage of imperialism, the fall of the Ottoman empire, the rise and decline of pan-Arab nationalism, the Israeli-Palestinian conflict--and the manifestations of these enduring historical legacies in art, politics, and identity today. Prerequisite(s): AHIS111 and AHIS112 or equivalents. Spring, odd years. (Formerly WH340)

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). Explores the impact of historical events on the lives of women and the varied roles women played in shaping Western history. A major focus will be to understand how class, ethnicity, and race influenced Western/American women. Prerequisite(s): AHIS111 and AHIS112 or equivalents. Spring, odd years. (Formerly AH350, WH350)

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). Examines the changing gender dynamics in America between the 18th century and the late 20th century. It explores the dynamics between the genders and why gender is a fluid concept over time. The course also examines the emergence of discussions of sexuality and gender expression in the twentieth century. Prerequisite(s): AHIS111 and AHIS112 or equivalents. Alternating Spring. (Formerly AH395, WH395)

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). Examines the field of disability history by scrutinizing the social understandings of physical, physiological, and intellectual disabilities. The class answers questions such as what is a disability? Why do the understandings of disability differ among cultures? How did the modern understanding of disability emerge in the United States? The course surveys the history of disabilities in the United States from 1650 to the present but also uses international examples to enrich the students' comprehension of the of the complexities of disability history. Prerequisite(s): AHIS111 and AHIS112 or equivalents. Alternating Spring. (Formerly AH373, WH373)

(One semester; 0.25 unit of credit). To meet special needs and interests of the advanced history student. Independent studies will be coordinated with the individual History instructor. Prerequisite(s): consent of the instructor and department chair.

(One semester; 0.5 unit of credit). To meet special needs and interests of the advanced history student. Independent studies will be coordinated with the individual History instructor. Prerequisite(s): consent of the instructor and department chair.